In 5th-grade mathematics, students delve into advanced topics, building on foundational skills. Key areas include:
1. **Number Sense:** Mastery of whole numbers, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Emphasis on mental math and problem-solving strategies.
2. **Fractions:** Comprehensive study covering addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of fractions. Exploration of equivalent fractions and decimals.
3. **Geometry:** Classification of two-dimensional shapes, introduction to coordinate systems, and basic plotting on a graph.
4. **Measurement:** Understanding customary and metric units, conversion between units, and application in real-world scenarios. Focus on length, weight, capacity, and time.
5. **Volume and Area:** Introduction to calculating volume and area for three-dimensional figures, as well as surface area. Practical application of measurement skills in problem-solving.